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Money. Monetary policy --- Quantitative methods (economics) --- Demand for money --- Econometric models --- AA / International- internationaal --- 305.7 --- 333.428 --- Money --- United States --- -332.414 --- Liquidity preference --- Money supply --- Econometrie van het gedrag van de financiële tussenpersonen. Monetaire econometrische modellen. Monetaire agregaten. vraag voor geld. Krediet. Rente. --- Geldstock en quasi-monetaire liquiditeiten. --- Econometric models. --- Demand for money - Econometric models. --- 332.414 --- Econometrie van het gedrag van de financiële tussenpersonen. Monetaire econometrische modellen. Monetaire agregaten. vraag voor geld. Krediet. Rente --- Geldstock en quasi-monetaire liquiditeiten --- Demand for money - Econometric models

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This paper examines the distribution of output around capacity when money demand is a nonlinear function of the nominal interest rate such that nominal interest rates cannot become negative. When fluctuations in output result primarily from disturbances to the money market, the variance of output is shown to be an increasing function of the trend inflation rate. When they result from disturbances to the goods market, the variance of output is a decreasing function of the trend inflation rate. When both disturbances are significant, there exists, in general, a critical non-zero trend inflation rate that minimizes the variance of output.

Banks and Banking --- Inflation --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Production and Operations Management --- Price Level --- Deflation --- Demand for Money --- Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects --- Macroeconomics: Production --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Macroeconomics --- Monetary economics --- Finance --- Demand for money --- Capacity utilization --- Monetary base --- Real interest rates --- Prices --- Money --- Production --- Financial services --- Industrial capacity --- Money supply --- Interest rates --- United States

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On the basis of a comparative study of 23 episodes involving commodity price shocks we find that both the public and private sectors typically save around half of a windfall gain resulting from a price rise. We argue that private windfalls should be left with the private sector rather than taxed. The focus of policy towards windfalls should be monetary rather than fiscal. The central bank should accommodate aggregate changes in the demand for financial assets. The private sector will initially wish to increase its claims on the central bank as it saves the windfall, but will then reduce them as portfolios are switched into real assets.

Banks and Banking --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Investments: Commodities --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Monetary Policy --- Demand for Money --- Agriculture: General --- Banking --- Monetary economics --- Investment & securities --- Income --- Monetary base --- Reserves accumulation --- Demand for money --- National accounts --- Money --- Central banks --- Agricultural commodities --- Commodities --- Banks and banking --- Money supply --- Foreign exchange reserves --- Farm produce --- Kenya

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Money. Monetary policy --- International finance --- European Union --- AA / International- internationaal --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- 334.151.20 --- 334.151.27 --- 333.80 --- 333.428 --- 334.151.25 --- 333.846.0 --- Monetary policy --- -Demand for money --- -332.494 --- Liquidity preference --- Money --- Money supply --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Economische en monetaire unie van de Europese Gemeenschappen: algemeenheden. --- Europees monetair stelsel. --- Geld-, bank- en kredietpolitiek. Kapitaalmarkt en -rente: algemeenheden. --- Geldstock en quasi-monetaire liquiditeiten. --- Rekeneenheid, gemeenschappelijke munt van de Europese Gemeenschappen. ECU. Euro. --- Verband tussen het monetair, bank- en kredietbeleid en de economische ontwikkeling: algemeenheden. --- Demand for money --- 332.494 --- Geldstock en quasi-monetaire liquiditeiten --- Geld-, bank- en kredietpolitiek. Kapitaalmarkt en -rente: algemeenheden --- Verband tussen het monetair, bank- en kredietbeleid en de economische ontwikkeling: algemeenheden --- Economische en monetaire unie van de Europese Gemeenschappen: algemeenheden --- Rekeneenheid, gemeenschappelijke munt van de Europese Gemeenschappen. ECU. Euro --- Europees monetair stelsel --- European Union countries --- Demand for money - European Union countries.

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The fiftieth anniversary of the Bretton Woods Conference served as an opportunity to reappraise the desirability of strengthening the IMF's oversight of the functioning of the international monetary system. Whatever the design of an exchange rate system and the arrangements for the provision of international liquidity, it is widely accepted that to be effective such oversight must rest on a strong analytic foundation. These two volumes, edited by Jacob A. Frenkel and Morris Goldstein, present 30 analytic papers on the system as it functioned during 1987-91 and aim at conveying the flavor of those issues that commanded close attention in the Fund's research program.

International finance. --- Foreign exchange. --- Money --- International economic relations. --- Monetary policy. --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Cambistry --- Currency exchange --- Exchange, Foreign --- Foreign currency --- Foreign exchange problem --- Foreign money --- Forex --- FX (Finance) --- International exchange --- International finance --- Currency crises --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- European Monetary System (Organization) --- Système monétaire européen (Organization) --- Europäisches Währungssystem (Organization) --- Sistema Monetario Europeo (Organization) --- Europees Monetair System (Organization) --- Europæisk monetær system (Organization) --- Euroopan valuuttajärjestelmä --- EMS (European Monetary System) --- E.M.S. (European Monetary System) --- EWS (European Monetary System) --- E.W.S. (European Monetary System) --- SME (European Monetary System) --- S.M.E. (European Monetary System) --- Monetary policy --- Foreign exchange --- E-books --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Inflation --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Public Finance --- Fiscal Policy --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Price Level --- Deflation --- Demand for Money --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Currency --- Macroeconomics --- Monetary economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Exchange rates --- Real exchange rates --- Fiscal policy --- Currencies --- Prices --- Nominal effective exchange rate --- Budget --- Expenditures, Public --- United States